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mwbamwbqApkallu, in mwbglingua accadica, o mwbwmwcaAbgal, in mwcqsumero e nella mitologia mwcgsumera, è il termine che indica i mwcwSette Sapienti.

Gli mwdqApkallu sono esseri semidivini, metà uomini e metà pesci (nel periodo neoassiro sono spesso rappresentati come uomini-aquilecite-ref-1[1]), emersi dall'mwegApsû, l'abisso primordiale, inviati dal dio mwewEnki (mwfaEa in mwfqlingua accadica) per insegnare agli uomini i mwfgMe, ovvero le arti, i mestieri, il codice morale ed in generale i princìpi della civiltàcite-ref-2[2].

I sette mwhaApkallu consiglieri dei re antediluviani sonocite-ref-pettinato68-3-0[3]cite-ref-4[4]:

1. mwjwAdapa/mwkaOannescite-ref-5[5]

2. U'an (mwlgApkallu del re mwlwAyalu)

3. U'anduga (mwmqApkallu del re mwmgAlalgar)

4. Ammelu'anna (mwnaApkallu del re mwnqEnmeduga)

5. Enmegalamma (mwnwApkallu del re mwoaAmmegalanna)

6. Enmegulubba (mwogApkallu del re mwowEnme'usumgalamma)

7. Utu'abzu (mwpqApkallu del re mwpgEnmeduranki)

Dopo il mwqaDiluvio universale, l'unico ed ultimo mwqqApkallu è mwqgNungalpiriggal, consigliere del re mwqwEnmerkar di mwraUruk, dopodiché tutti gli altri re mwrqsumeri post-diluviani, ormai detentori della civiltà, non hanno più associato un mwrgApkallu ma un mwrwUmmânū, ovvero un consigliere del tutto umano e non più una semi-divinità.cite-ref-pettinato68-3-1[3]

• Note

• Bibliografia

• Voci correlate

cite-note-11. ↑ mwug mwva«According to Babylonian tradition, seven apkatlu ('wise men' or 'sages') lived before the Flood. Neo-Babylonian and Neo-Assyrian ritual texts give their names and the seven cities from which they were believed to have come, although there are variant traditions which cannot be fully reconciled one with another. Other antediluvian figures are also said to have been apkatlii, notably Adapa of Eridu. The Seven Sages should be distinguished from the Seven (gods) (Sebittu) because Neo- Assyrian instructions for rituals including protective figurines prescribe sets of figures of the Seven followed by those of the Seven Sages. Figures of different forms of the Seven Sages are to be made, some apparently in human form, some wearing fishes' skins (see fish-garbed figure), and winged figures with birds' faces (see griffin-demon)» mwvq(Jeremy Black e Anthony Green, mwwaGods, Demons and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia, Londra, THE BRITISH MUSEUM PRESS, 2004, p. 163)mwwq mwww«In the Neo-Assyrian Period figures of this type were explained as representations of the Babylonian Seven Sages, and groups of seven figurines of them were used as foundation deposits to protect houses and palaces» mwxa(Jeremy Black e Anthony Green, mwxwGriffin-demon, in mwyaOp.cit., p. 101)

cite-note-22. ↑ mwzamwzqPettinato,mwzg pag. 39.

cite-note-pettinato68-33. ↑ mwbamwbqPettinato,mwbg pag. 68.

cite-note-44. ↑ mwcgmwcwClifford,mwda pag 26-27.

cite-note-55. ↑ mweamweqHallo,mweg pag. 6.

• citerefpettinatoGiovanni Pettinato, I Re di Sumer I, Paideia, 2003, ISBN 88-394-0656-5.

• mwfw(EN) Richard Clifford, Proverbs: A Commentary, Westminster John Knox Press, 1999, Clifford.

• citerefhalloWilliam W, Hallo, The World's Oldest Literature: Studies in Sumerian Belles-Lettres, Culture and History of the Ancient Near East, BRILL, 2010.

• mwhaSette Sapienti

• mwhgSaptarishi